天命 (tiān mìng) — (noun) the mandate of heaven (political theory justifying a ruler's authority); (noun) destiny, fate; (noun) one's natural lifespan

Definition

A classical noun blending 'heaven' and 'fate' — used in political theory as 'the Mandate of Heaven' justifying a ruler's right to rule, and in personal contexts as destiny or one's allotted lifespan.

noun
the mandate of heaven (political theory justifying a ruler's authority)destinyfateone's natural lifespan

Examples

  • 天命
    Gǔ dài dì wáng cháng yǐ tiān mìng lái zhèng míng zì jǐ de tǒng zhì hé fǎ.
    Ancient emperors often used the mandate of heaven to justify their rule as legitimate.
  • 天命
    Tā jué de zì jǐ de rén shēng shì tiān mìng ān pái hǎo de, wú fǎ gǎi biàn.
    He feels his life is arranged by fate and cannot be changed.
  • 天命
    Lǎo rén shuō zì jǐ de tiān mìng yǐ jìn, gāi qù péi lǎo bàn le.
    The old man said his allotted lifespan was over and it was time to join his spouse.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

tiānheaven
mìngmandate

天 (heaven) and 命 (mandate or fate) suggest heaven's decree or destiny.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
Sound part声符shēngfú
dīngtiān
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The shape comes from a frontal standing man 大 with a head; 天 pairs 大 with 丁 for sound.

Open 天 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
kǒumouth
Sound part声符shēngfú
lìngmìng
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

命 combines 口, a mouth, with 令, which gives the sound.

Open 命 →

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