(qióng) — poor, impoverished; (as a complement) exhausted, used up

Definition

穷 is a simple adjective for 'poor' — more colloquial than 贫困/贫穷 (which are more formal/written). As a result complement (e.g. 花穷了) it means 'exhausted, all used up'.

adjective
poorimpoverished(as a complement) exhaustedused up

Examples

  • Tā jiā lǐ hěn qióng.
    His family is very poor.
  • Tā bǎ qián dōu huā qióng le.
    He spent all his money and went broke.
  • Tā yuè lái yuè qióng le.
    He's getting poorer and poorer.

Origin

Sound + meaning
六书liùshū
形声xíngshēng

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 窮; 穷 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
xuécave; nest; confinement
Sound part声符shēngfú
gōngqióng
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

In the traditional form 窮, 穴 (cave; nest; confinement) gives the sense and 躬 gives the sound; this is about 窮, not the simplified 穷.

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