(liǎo) — (bound form) knotweed; plants of the Polygonaceae family

Definition

蓼 (liǎo) is a bound morpheme referring to knotweeds and related herbs of the Polygonaceae family. It almost never stands alone — you'll see it in compounds like 水蓼 and 蓼科.

bound form
knotweedplants of the Polygonaceae family

Examples

  • Là liǎo shì yì zhǒng cháng jiàn de cǎo běn zhí wù.
    Red-knees is a common herbaceous plant.
  • liǎo Kē zhí wù zhōng yǒu bù shǎo kě yǐ rù yào.
    Many plants in the knotweed family can be used as medicine.
  • Shuǐ liǎo xǐ huan cháng zài cháo shī de hé àn biān.
    Water pepper likes to grow on damp riverbanks.

Origin

Sound + meaning
六书liùshū
形声xíngshēng

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
Written in full ascǎograss; plant
Sound part声符shēngfú
liùliǎo
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

蓼 is built from 艹 (grass) plus 翏, which supplies the sound; 艹 points to a plant meaning.

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