蛀牙 (zhù yá) — tooth decay, dental caries; cavity (in a tooth)

Definition

蛀牙 specifically means a decayed tooth or the cavity caused by decay — it's the dental condition. 窟窿 is a general hole or cavity in any object, not tooth-specific; 空洞 focuses on hollow spaces inside the body or, as an adjective, empty ideas.

noun
tooth decaydental cariescavity (in a tooth)
Measure word · 颗

Examples

  • 蛀牙。
    Yī shēng shuō wǒ de zhù yá xū yào jǐn kuài bǔ shàng.
    The doctor said my cavity needs to be filled as soon as possible.
  • ,蛀牙。
    Xiǎo shí hou chī tài duō táng, xiàn zài cháng le zhù yá.
    I ate too much candy as a child, and now I have tooth decay.
  • 蛀牙。
    Dìng qī jiǎn chá kě yǐ yù fáng zhù yá.
    Regular check-ups can prevent tooth decay.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

蛀zhùdecayed by insects
牙yátooth

The meanings of 蛀 (decayed by insects) and 牙 (tooth) come together to express a cavity.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
Sound part声符shēngfú
主
主zhǔ蛀⁰zhù
Same sound today

蛀 pairs 虫 and 主, with 主 giving the sound.

Open 蛀 →

No reliable origin is recorded for this character.

Open 牙 →

Browse more HSK 7-9 words or search the full 43,000-word dictionary.