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论据 (lùn jù) — grounds of an argument; evidence or reasons that support a claim

Definition

Refers specifically to the evidence and reasons that support an argument or claim, especially in debates, essays, or legal contexts. Pairs naturally with 论证 (reasoning/argumentation), which is the logical chain built on 论据.

noun
grounds of an argumentevidence or reasons that support a claim
Measure word · 个

Examples

  • 论据，。
    Tā de lùn jù bú gòu chōng fèn, suǒ yǐ shuō fú lì bù qiáng.
    His grounds of argument are insufficient, so the persuasiveness is not strong.
  • ，论据。
    Zài biàn lùn zhōng, nǐ yào tí gōng yǒu lì de lùn jù lái zhī chēng nǐ de guān diǎn.
    In a debate, you need to provide strong grounds of argument to support your viewpoint.
  • 论据。
    Fǎ guān cǎi nà le lǜ shī tí chū de lùn jù.
    The judge accepted the evidence supporting the argument put forward by the lawyer.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

论lùnargument
据jùbasis

论 gives the argument and 据 the basis, so together they are grounds supporting a claim.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 論; 论 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
言言yánsay
Sound part声符shēngfú
侖
侖lún論lùn
Same sound today

The traditional form 論 pairs 言 (“say”) with 侖 as a sound component; the simplified 论 is a later shorthand, so its parts are not the historical parts.

Open 论 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
手手shǒuhand
Sound part声符shēngfú
居
居jū据jù
Same sound today

据 uses 手 (hand) as one part and 居 to give the sound.

Open 据 →
Appears in
Abstract Concepts

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