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过剩 (guò shèng) — to be in surplus, to be excessive (especially of supply, energy, etc.)

Definition

过剩 (guòshèng) is a formal/economic term for being in surplus or over-supplied — stronger and more specialized than 多余 ('unnecessary/redundant'), and focused on quantities exceeding demand rather than crossing a set limit like 超标.

verb
to be in surplusto be excessive (especially of supply, energy, etc.)

Examples

  • 过剩。
    Zuì jìn shì chǎng shàng hěn duō chǎn pǐn dōu gōng yìng guò shèng.
    Recently, many products on the market are oversupplied.
  • 过剩，。
    Tā jīng lì guò shèng, wǎn shàng bù róng yì shuì zháo.
    He has excessive energy, so it's not easy for him to fall asleep at night.
  • 过剩。
    Shēng chǎn guò shèng huì dǎo zhì qǐ yè jìng zhēng jiā jù.
    Overproduction will lead to intensified competition among enterprises.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

过guòtoo much
剩shèngsurplus

过 means too much, and 剩 means surplus, so the word describes something more than needed.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 過; 过 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
辵辵chuòwalk
Sound part声符shēngfú
咼
咼wāi過guò
Same sound today

The traditional form 過 pairs 辵 (walk) with 咼 as a sound component; the simplified 过 is a shorthand, and its parts are not the historical components.

Open 过 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
刀刀dāo
Sound part声符shēngfú
乘
乘chéng剩shèng
Same sound today

剩 is made of 刀 (knife) as the meaning part and 乘 (chéng) as the sound part.

Open 剩 →
Appears in
HSK 3.0 Level 7-9Abstract ConceptsQuantity & Amount

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