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专项 (zhuān xiàng) — dedicated project or category; specialized fund or item

Definition

A formal noun meaning 'dedicated project, fund, or team' — used for something set up for one specific purpose (专项资金, 专项小组). Unlike 专门, which describes how an action is done, 专项 is the thing itself.

noun
dedicated project or categoryspecialized fund or item
Measure word · 个

Examples

  • 专项。
    Zhèng fǔ shè lì le zhuān xiàng zī jīn lái zhī chí zhè ge xiàng mù.
    The government set up a dedicated fund to support this project.
  • 专项，。
    Zhè cì jiǎn chá shì zhuān xiàng xíng dòng, bú shè jí qí tā fāng miàn.
    This inspection is a dedicated operation and does not involve other aspects.
  • 专项。
    Gōng sī zhēn duì zhè ge wèn tí chéng lì le zhuān xiàng xiǎo zǔ.
    The company set up a dedicated team to address this issue.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

专zhuānspecial
项xiàngitem

专 points to the special purpose, and 项 names the item or fund.

Characters in this word

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 專; 专 is its simplified writing.

The traditional form 專 shows 又, a hand, turning 叀, a spindle; this came to mean gathering several things into one.

Open 专 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 項; 项 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
頁頁yèhead
Sound part声符shēngfú
工
工gōng項xiàng
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The traditional form 項 combines 工 as a sound part with 頁, meaning head; the simplified 项 is a later shorthand.

Open 项 →
Appears in
HSK 3.0 Level 7-9

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