伤害 (shānghài) is a transitive verb meaning 'to harm, injure' — it always takes an object and focuses on causing physical or emotional hurt. Unlike 受伤 (shòushāng 'to be/get injured'), which is intransitive and describes the result, 伤害 is the action of harming. It's broader than 危害 (wēihài 'to endanger, jeopardize'), which implies a serious threat to safety or life.