勇气 (yǒng qì) is the general noun for 'courage' — the inner quality to face danger or difficulty. 胆量 (dǎn liàng) is more about boldness or nerve in a specific situation, while 魄力 (pò lì) adds decisiveness and initiative, often in leadership. 光荣 (guāng róng) is not a synonym; it means 'honor' or 'glory'.