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包括 (bāo kuò) — to include, to comprise, to consist of

Definition

包括 marks the whole set whose members are named after it ('X includes A, B, C'). 包含 emphasizes the contents inside; 含有的对象多是成分、因素。

verb
to includeto compriseto consist of

Examples

  • 包括。
    Zhè ge jià gé bāo kuò yùn fèi hé bǎo xiǎn fèi.
    This price includes shipping and insurance fees.
  • 包括。
    Míng dān shàng bāo kuò le suǒ yǒu cān sài zhě de míng zì.
    The list includes the names of all participants.
  • 包括。
    Wǒ de jì huà bù bāo kuò zhōu mò jiā bān.
    My plan does not include working overtime on weekends.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
联合liánhéCoordinate

Two parts of equal weight, alike or opposite in meaning, standing side by side.

包bāoinclude
括kuòinclude

包 and 括 both carry the idea of containing, so together they mean to include.

Characters in this word

A drawing of the thing itself, worn down over three thousand years into a few strokes.

The shape of 包 pictures a fetus in a womb, or a baby wrapped in cloth.

Open 包 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
手手shǒuhand
Sound part声符shēngfú
𠯑
𠯑𠯑括kuò
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

括 combines 手, a hand, with 𠯑, which gives the sound.

Open 括 →
Appears in
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