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及 (jí) — (conjunction) and; as well as (used in formal writing to connect nouns or noun phrases)

Definition

及 is a formal written conjunction meaning 'and / as well as' for connecting the final item in a list, mostly in titles, announcements, or academic writing. 以及 is more common and flexible; 及 now sounds literary and often appears in phrases like 及其影响.

conjunction
andas well as (used in formal writing to connect nouns or noun phrases)
Easily confused

Examples

  • 、及。
    Tā xǐ huan chàng gē, tiào wǔ jí lǚ xíng.
    He likes singing, dancing, and travelling.
  • 、及。
    Zhè jiā diàn mài shuǐ guǒ, shū cài jí yǐn liào.
    This shop sells fruit, vegetables, and drinks.
  • 、及。
    Cān jiā huì yì de yǒu lǎo shī, xué shēng jí jiā zhǎng.
    Those attending the meeting included teachers, students, and parents.

Origin

Compound ideograph
六书liùshū
会意huìyì

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

及 pairs 人 (person) with 又 (hand), showing a hand grabbing a person.

Appears in
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