夷 (yí) is a bound form (b.f.) with two main clusters of meaning. In modern compounds it can mean 'level, smooth' or 'to raze, to destroy' (as in 夷为平地 'to raze to the ground'). Historically, it referred to non-Han 'barbarian' tribes, especially those in the east, and by extension 'foreigner' or 'foreign' (as in 夷族 'barbarian tribe'). Modern usage is limited to set phrases and historical contexts.