德行 (dé xíng) — (noun) moral integrity, virtuous conduct; (noun, colloquial) annoying or contemptible behavior; the nerve or audacity (used in disapproval or teasing)

Definition

In formal writing, 德行 (déxíng) means 'moral integrity / virtuous conduct' — a bookish, dignified word close in register to 品德 and 道德. In casual speech it flips to a sarcastic 'what nerve!' / 'shameful behavior,' used to scold or tease.

noun
moral integrityvirtuous conduct(noun, colloquial) annoying or contemptible behaviorthe nerve or audacity (used in disapproval or teasing)

Examples

  • 德行。
    Yí gè rén de dé xíng bǐ tā de cái fù gèng zhòng yào.
    A person's moral integrity is more important than their wealth.
  • ,德行!
    Kǎo zhè me diǎn fēn, kàn nǐ nà dé xíng!
    You got such low marks — look at you!
  • ,德行。
    Tā jū rán sā huǎng, zhēn shì dé xíng yǒu wèn tí.
    He actually lied — there's definitely something wrong with his character.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
联合liánhéCoordinate

Two parts of equal weight, alike or opposite in meaning, standing side by side.

德dévirtue
行xíngconduct

德 'virtue' and 行 'conduct' are parallel parts referring to moral behavior.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
彳彳chìroad
Sound part声符shēngfú
惪
惪dé德dé
Same sound today

德 combines 彳, a road, with 惪, a component meaning virtue that also supplies the sound.

Open 德 →

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

  • 彳彳chì
  • 亍亍chù

The shape of 行 originally showed a street intersection, even on both sides. Later it became uneven, with 彳 on the left and 亍 on the right.

Open 行 →

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