怠 (dài) — (bound form) lazy, negligent, slack; (bound form) to treat coldly (in 怠慢)

Definition

怠 is a bound morpheme meaning 'slack' or 'negligent' — almost always appearing in set words like 懈怠, 怠慢, 怠工, never used alone. Negation is 懈 or 不可 rather than 不怠.

bound form
lazynegligentslackto treat coldly (in 怠慢)

Examples

  • ,。
    Tā duì kè rén hěn dài màn, ràng rén hěn bù shū fu.
    He treated the guests coldly, making people very uncomfortable.
  • ,。
    Gōng zuò bù néng xiè dài, fǒu zé huì chū wèn tí.
    You can't slack off at work, or problems will arise.
  • 。
    Yuán gōng men dài gōng kàng yì dī gōng zī.
    The workers went slow to protest low wages.

Origin

Sound + meaning
六书liùshū
形声xíngshēng

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
心心xīnheart
Sound part声符shēngfú
台
台tái怠dài
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

In 怠, the bottom 心 is heart, and 台 gives the sound.

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