附庸 (fù yōng) — vassal state; dependency; appendage; subordinate entity

Definition

A ‘vassal state’ or ‘dependency’ — a country or entity politically/culturally subordinated to a stronger power. Used figuratively for things reduced to a subordinate appendage (e.g. culture as 经济的附庸).

noun
vassal statedependencyappendagesubordinate entity

Examples

  • 附庸。
    Zhè ge guó jiā céng jīng shì luó mǎ de fù yōng.
    This country was once a vassal state of Rome.
  • 附庸。
    Wén huà bù yīng chéng wéi jīng jì de fù yōng.
    Culture should not become an appendage of the economy.
  • ,附庸。
    Zài lì shǐ shàng, xǔ duō xiǎo guó dōu lún wéi qiáng guó de fù yōng.
    Historically, many small states were reduced to dependencies of powerful nations.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

附fùattach
庸yōngwalled city

附 means to attach or depend on, while 庸 refers to a walled city, so 附庸 is a small state attached to a larger state.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
阝Written in full as阜fù
Sound part声符shēngfú
付
付fù附fù
Same sound today

附 pairs 阝, written in full as 阜, with 付 as the sound part.

Open 附 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
Sound part声符shēngfú
同
同tóng庸yōng
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

庸 is built from 庚 and 同, with 同 giving the sound. It probably originally meant a large bell.

Open 庸 →

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