潦倒 (liáo dǎo) — to be down and out; to be frustrated and impoverished

Definition

Literary/formal word for being 'down and out' — penniless and discouraged in life. Mostly describes a person's later state, written rather than spoken.

verb
to be down and outto be frustrated and impoverished

Examples

  • 潦倒,。
    Nà wèi zuò jiā wǎn nián shēng huó liáo dǎo, yù yù bù dé zhì.
    That writer lived a down-and-out life in his later years, depressed and unfulfilled.
  • 潦倒,。
    Tā suī rán liáo dǎo, dàn cóng wèi fàng qì zì jǐ de lǐ xiǎng.
    Although he was down and out, he never gave up on his ideals.
  • 潦倒。
    Nà ge céng jīng fù yǒu de shāng rén rú jīn yǐ jīng liáo dǎo bù kān.
    That once wealthy businessman is now utterly down and out.

Origin

Single-morpheme word
构词法gòucífǎ
联绵liánmiánBound pair

Two characters that only ever appear together, spelling one ancient two-syllable word.

潦liáo

The characters 潦 and 倒 carry no separate meanings here; together they name a down-and-out state.

Sound-only characters

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
水水shuǐwater
Sound part声符shēngfú
尞
尞liáo潦lǎo
Same sound today

潦 combines a water part with 尞, which gives the sound liáo.

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
亻Written in full as人rén
Sound part声符shēngfú
到
到dào倒dào
Same sound today

倒 combines 亻 (person) with 到, which gives the sound.

Open 倒 →

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