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研制 (yán zhì) — to research and develop; to develop and manufacture

Definition

研制 focuses on developing and manufacturing a physical product (drugs, materials, devices). 研发 covers broader R&D including processes, while 调研 is purely investigative research with no product output.

verb
to research and developto develop and manufacture

Examples

  • 研制。
    Zhè zhǒng xīn yào xū yào hěn duō nián cái néng yán zhì chéng gōng.
    This new drug takes many years to successfully develop.
  • 研制。
    Zhè jiā gōng sī zhèng zài yán zhì xīn yí dài shǒu jī.
    This company is developing a new generation of mobile phones.
  • 研制。
    Tā men yòng le wǔ nián yán zhì chū yì zhǒng huán bǎo cái liào.
    They spent five years developing an environmentally friendly material.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
联合liánhéCoordinate

Two parts of equal weight, alike or opposite in meaning, standing side by side.

研yánresearch
制zhìmake

研 (research) and 制 (make) are parallel actions forming research and development.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
石石shí
Sound part声符shēngfú
幵
幵jiān研yán
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

In 研, the left part 石 is a stone-related component, and the right part 幵 gives the sound.

Open 研 →

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

The form 制 pairs 朱 (tree) with 刀 (knife), showing the act of cutting a tree.

Open 制 →
Appears in
HSK 3.0 Level 5Technology & Engineering

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