苦心经营 (kǔ xīn jīng yíng) — to painstakingly build up or manage (an enterprise, career, relationship, etc.) through sustained effort

Definition

Chengyu meaning to build or manage something through long, painstaking effort — emphasizes the difficulty and endurance, not just hard work. Used for enterprises, careers, or relationships developed over years.

idiom
to painstakingly build up or manage (an enterprise, career, relationship, etc.) through sustained effort

Examples

  • 苦心经营,。
    Zhè jiā gōng sī jīng guò èr shí nián de kǔ xīn jīng yíng, zhōng yú chéng wéi háng yè lóng tóu.
    After twenty years of painstaking effort, this company finally became the industry leader.
  • 苦心经营,。
    Tā kǔ xīn jīng yíng duō nián, cái bǎ yí gè xiǎo zuō fang fā zhǎn chéng dà xíng qǐ yè.
    He worked painstakingly for many years to develop a small workshop into a large enterprise.
  • 苦心经营,。
    Zhè duàn hūn yīn shì liǎng rén kǔ xīn jīng yíng de jié guǒ, lái zhī bú yì.
    This marriage is the result of both people's painstaking efforts — it was hard-won.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

苦心painstaking effort
苦kǔpainstaking心xīnheart/mind
偏正Modifier + head
经营manage
联合Side by side

苦心 shows painstaking effort, and 经营 means to manage or build; together they describe sustained, careful effort in building an enterprise.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
艸艸cǎograss
Sound part声符shēngfú
古
古gǔ苦kǔ
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The top 艸 shows grass or plants, matching the sense of bitter plants. The bottom 古 gives the sound.

Open 苦 →

A drawing of the thing itself, worn down over three thousand years into a few strokes.

The shape of 心 comes from a drawing of a heart, now highly stylized.

Open 心 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 經; 经 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
糹Written in full as糸mìsilk; thread
Sound part声符shēngfú
巠
巠jīng經jīng
Same sound today

The traditional form 經 combines 糹 (silk; thread) with 巠, which gives the sound.

Open 经 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 營; 营 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
宮宮gōngpalace
Sound part声符shēngfú
熒
熒yíng營yíng
Same sound today

The traditional form 營 pairs 宮 (palace) with 熒 as a sound part, depicting a person working all night with a light on his house; the simplified 营 is a later abbreviation.

Open 营 →

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