风餐露宿 (fēng cān lù sù) — to rough it; to endure the hardships of outdoor living or travel

Definition

A set chengyu describing enduring the hardships of life outdoors — eating in the wind and sleeping under the open sky, often during long journeys or field work.

phrase
to rough itto endure the hardships of outdoor living or travel

Examples

  • 风餐露宿,。
    Tā men zài shān lǐ fēng cān lù sù le liǎng gè yuè, zhōng yú wán chéng le kǎo chá rèn wu.
    They roughed it in the mountains for two months and finally completed the survey mission.
  • ,。
    Zài gāo yuán shàng fēng cān lù sù de rì zi, ràng tā xué huì le zhēn xī měi yí dùn fàn.
    The days of roughing it on the highlands taught him to cherish every meal.
  • 风餐露宿,。
    Wǒ men fēng cān lù sù le yí lù, zhōng yú zài tiān hēi qián gǎn dào le yíng dì.
    We roughed it the whole way and finally reached the camp before dark.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
联合liánhéCoordinate

Two parts of equal weight, alike or opposite in meaning, standing side by side.

风餐eat in the wind
偏正Modifier + head
露宿sleep in the open
露lùdew宿sùsleep
偏正Modifier + head

“风” and “露” set the outdoor scene, while “餐” and “宿” give eating and sleeping, so the image is rough living.

Characters in this word

No reliable origin is recorded for this character.

Open 风 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
食食shíto eat; meal; food
Sound part声符shēngfú
𣦼
𣦼𣦼餐cān
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

餐 combines 食, meaning food or eating, with 𣦼 as the sound part; it originally meant “to swallow.”

Open 餐 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
Sound part声符shēngfú
路
路lù露lù
Same sound today

露 pairs 雨, a rain-related meaning part, with 路, a sound part.

Open 露 →

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

  • 人人rénperson
  • 囗囗wéibamboo mat

The shape comes from an old drawing of 人, a person, resting on a mat.

Open 宿 →

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