五年计划 (wǔ nián jì huà) — Five-Year Plan (China's national economic and social development blueprint)

Definition

A "Five-Year Plan" is a national economic and social development blueprint issued by the Chinese government in five-year cycles since 1953, setting targets for industry, infrastructure, and growth.

noun
Five-Year Plan (China's national economic and social development blueprint)

Examples

  • 五年计划。
    Zhōng guó de wǔ nián jì huà tuī dòng le jīng jì kuài sù fā zhǎn.
    China's Five-Year Plan has driven rapid economic development.
  • 五年计划。
    Dì shí sì gè wǔ nián jì huà zhòng diǎn fā zhǎn lǜ sè néng yuán.
    The 14th Five-Year Plan focuses on developing green energy.
  • 五年计划。
    Zhè ge chéng shì shòu yì yú shàng yí gè wǔ nián jì huà de jī chǔ shè shī jiàn shè.
    This city benefited from the infrastructure construction in the previous Five-Year Plan.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

五年five years
五wǔfive年niányear
偏正Modifier + head
计划plan
计jìplan划huàplan
联合Side by side

五年 (five years) plus 计划 (plan) names a plan spanning five years.

Characters in this word

A drawing of the thing itself, worn down over three thousand years into a few strokes.

An older form had a crossed mark between a top bar and a bottom bar. The modern 五 keeps those bars, while the original idea is uncertain.

Open 五 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
禾禾héwheat; grain
Sound part声符shēngfú
人
人rén年nián
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

年 pairs 禾 (grain) with 人, which gives the sound. Its original meaning was harvest, and it later came to mean a year.

Open 年 →

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 計; 计 is its simplified writing.

The traditional form 計 pairs 言 (say) with 十 (all). The simplified 计 is a later shorthand, so its parts are not the historical shape.

Open 计 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
刀刀dāo
Sound part声符shēngfú
戈
戈gē划huá
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

划 is made of 刀, a knife, and 戈, a weapon. The 戈 part gives the sound.

Open 划 →

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