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国有 (guó yǒu) — state-owned; nationalized; government-owned

Definition

国有 means 'state-owned' — used specifically for property, enterprises, or assets owned by the government (e.g. 国有企业). 公共 and 公开 describe openness or shared public access, not government ownership.

verb
state-ownednationalizedgovernment-owned
Easily confused

Examples

  • 国有。
    Zhè kuài tǔ dì shǔ yú guó yǒu.
    This piece of land is state-owned.
  • 国有。
    guó yǒu Qǐ yè wèi guó jiā tí gōng le dà liàng jiù yè jī huì.
    State-owned enterprises provide a large number of job opportunities for the country.
  • 国有，。
    Zhè jiā yín háng shì guó yǒu de, xìn yù hěn hǎo.
    This bank is state-owned and has a good reputation.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
主谓zhǔwèiSubject + predicate

A small sentence frozen into a word: something, and what it does or is.

国guóstate
有yǒuown

国 and 有 together mean owned by the state.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 國; 国 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
囗囗wéiclosure
Sound part声符shēngfú
或
或huò國guó
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The traditional form 國 uses 囗 to show closure and 或 to give the sound.

Open 国 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
肉肉ròumeat
Sound part声符shēngfú
又
又yòu有yǒu
Same sound today

The form 有 combines 又, used for its sound, with a shape from 肉, 'meat'; the hand-holding-meat story is a folk explanation, not shown in the oldest shape.

Open 有 →
Appears in
HSK 3.0 Level 7-9Government & Politics

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