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年度 (nián dù) — year (as a unit within a specific cycle, e.g. fiscal year, academic year)

Definition

年度 means 'year' as a unit within a defined cycle (fiscal, academic, reporting year). Compare 周年 (an anniversary marking years since an event) and 学年 (specifically the school year).

noun
year (as a unit within a specific cycle, e.g. fiscal year, academic year)
Measure word · 个

Examples

  • 年度。
    Gōng sī xià gè nián dù de xiāo shòu mù biāo yǐ jīng dìng le.
    The company's sales target for next fiscal year has been set.
  • 年度。
    Zhè ge nián dù de cái wù bào gào xū yào jǐn zǎo tí jiāo.
    This year's financial report needs to be submitted as soon as possible.
  • 年度。
    nián dù Mò wǒ men huì jìn xíng yí cì quán miàn shěn chá.
    At the end of the year we will conduct a comprehensive review.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

年niányear
度dùperiod

年 gives the idea of a year, and 度 marks it as a period or unit.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
禾禾héwheat; grain
Sound part声符shēngfú
人
人rén年nián
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

年 pairs 禾 (grain) with 人, which gives the sound. Its original meaning was harvest, and it later came to mean a year.

Open 年 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
又又yòuhand
Sound part声符shēngfú
石
石shí度dù
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

度 has 又 (hand) and a changed form of 石; 石 gives a related sound, and the hand is tied to using the hand as a reference for measurement.

Open 度 →
Appears in
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