Definition
暨 (jì) is a very formal, literary conjunction meaning 'and, as well as' — it connects nouns or noun phrases in written Chinese, similar to 及 and 以及 but even more elevated. Unlike 而, which can also join clauses or show contrast, 暨 only links parallel noun items and is rarely used in speech. It also has a temporal sense 'up to (a time)', as in 暨今 'up to now'.
conjunction
(literary) andas well as(literary) up toas far as (in time)
Easily confused
- 概gàilook-alike(bound form) general; approximate (used in 大概, 概况, etc.)
- 几jǐsound-alike(interrogative) how many; how much
- 季jìsound-alikeseason
- 记jìsound-aliketo remember; to memorize
- 集jísound-alike(noun) collection, anthology, collected works
- 鸡jīsound-alikechicken
- 及jísound-alike(conjunction) and; as well as (used in formal writing to connect nouns or noun phrases)
- 寄jìsound-aliketo send (by mail), to mail, to post
- 急jísound-alike(adjective) urgent; rapid; hurried
- 极jísound-alikeextremely
Examples
- 暨。Běn cì huìyì yāoqǐng le gè gāoxiào jì yánjiū jīgòu de dàibiǎo.This meeting invited representatives from various universities and research institutions.
- 、暨。Tā jīngtōng Yīngyǔ, Fǎyǔ jì Déyǔ.He is proficient in English, French, and German.
- 暨，。jì jīn, gāi xiàngmù yǐ tóurù dàliàng zījīn.Up to now, a large amount of funds has been invested in this project.
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