逆反心理 (nì fǎn xīn lǐ) — psychological reactance; rebellious psychology (the tendency to oppose or resist being told what to do)

Definition

A set phrase meaning 'psychological reactance' — the impulse to do the opposite of what one is told, simply because someone is exerting control. Common for adolescents and students under authority; 偏 highlights the deliberate 'on purpose' defiance.

noun
psychological reactancerebellious psychology (the tendency to oppose or resist being told what to do)

Examples

  • 逆反心理,,。
    Qīng shào nián cháng cháng yǒu nì fǎn xīn lǐ, fù mǔ yuè guǎn, tā men yuè bù tīng huà.
    Teenagers often have rebellious psychology; the more parents control, the more they disobey.
  • 逆反心理。
    Jiào yù zhuān jiā jiàn yì yào yòng zhèng miàn yǐn dǎo lái jiǎn shǎo xué shēng de nì fǎn xīn lǐ.
    Education experts suggest using positive guidance to reduce students' psychological reactance.
  • 逆反心理,。
    Tā de nì fǎn xīn lǐ tài qiáng le, bié rén shuō shén me tā piān bù tīng.
    Her rebellious psychology is too strong; no matter what others say, she deliberately disobeys.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

逆反contrary
逆nìreverse反fǎnopposite
联合Side by side
心理mental principles
心xīnmind理lǐprinciple
偏正Modifier + head

逆反 means contrary and 心理 means mental principles, so it denotes rebellious psychology.

Characters in this word

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

  • 辶辵chuòmovement
  • 屰屰nìgo against

The 辶 part shows movement, and 屰 gives the sound and the sense of going against, so the whole depicts moving in the opposite direction.

Open 逆 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
又又yòuhand
Sound part声符shēngfú
厂
厂chǎng反fǎn
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

反 uses 又 (hand) for meaning and 厂 for sound. Its original shape showed a hand turning its palm over, giving the sense of return or reverse.

Open 反 →

A drawing of the thing itself, worn down over three thousand years into a few strokes.

The shape of 心 comes from a drawing of a heart, now highly stylized.

Open 心 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
玉玉yùjade
Sound part声符shēngfú
里
里lǐ理lǐ
Same sound today

理 pairs 玉 (jade) with 里, which shows how to say it; the jade part points to the old sense of polishing jade.

Open 理 →

Browse more HSK 7-9 words or search the full 43,000-word dictionary.