歼 (jiān) — (bound form) to annihilate; to destroy
Definition
A bound morpheme (must attach to a verb like 灭 or 击) meaning 'to annihilate / wipe out' — stronger than 消灭, and used almost entirely in military context (歼灭, 歼击机, 歼敌).
bound form
to annihilateto destroy
Easily confused
- 阡qiānlook-alike(bound form) north-south path between fields (used in 阡陌)
- 间jiānsound-alike(classifier) for rooms, offices, and other enclosed spaces
- 纤qiànlook-alike(bound form) towline, rope for pulling a boat
- 尖jiānsound-alike(adjective) sharp, pointed; shrill, tapering, piercing; acute, keen
- 仟qiānlook-alike(financial/formal) thousand (used on checks, contracts, and official documents to prevent alteration)
- 煎jiānsound-aliketo pan-fry; to sauté
Examples
- 。Wǒ jūn chéng gōng jiān miè le dí fāng de zhǔ lì bù duì.Our army successfully annihilated the enemy's main force.
- 。Zhè chǎng zhàn zhēng zhōng zuì cǎn liè de zhàn yì shì quán jiān le dí jūn de yí gè shī.The most brutal battle in this war was the complete annihilation of an enemy division.
- ,歼。Wèi le chè dǐ qīng chú wēi xié, tā men cǎi qǔ le jīng què jiān jī de cè lüè.To completely eliminate the threat, they adopted a strategy of precision strikes.
Origin
Sound + meaning六书liùshū
形声xíngshēngMost characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.
This origin belongs to the traditional form 殲; 歼 is its simplified writing.
Sound part声符shēngfú
韱
韱xiān殲jiān
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.
The traditional form 殲 combines 歹 (a meaning part) with 韱 (a sound part); the simplified 歼 is a shorthand, so its right side is not the historical sound part.
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