() — bound form used in place names, originally referring to the Ji River (Shandong)

Definition

A bound morph meaning 'crossing' (as in the Ji River), used only in place names — 济南, 济宁. Pronounced jǐ here, not jì.

bound form
bound form used in place names, originally referring to the Ji River (Shandong)

Examples

  • Wǒ dǎ suàn míng nián qù jǐ nán lǚ yóu.
    I plan to travel to Jinan next year.
  • jǐ Níng shì shān dōng shěng de yí gè chéng shì.
    Jining is a city in Shandong Province.
  • Tā cóng jǐ nán bān dào le běi jīng.
    He moved from Jinan to Beijing.

Origin

Sound + meaning
六书liùshū
形声xíngshēng

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 濟; 济 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
shuǐwater
Sound part声符shēngfú
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The traditional form 濟 pairs 水 (water) with 齊, which gives the sound; the simplified 济 is a later shorthand.

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