他指 (tā zhī) — (linguistics) other-reference; reference to someone or something other than the speaker or addressee

Definition

A linguistics term for a pronoun or expression that refers to someone or something other than the speaker or addressee. Contrasts with 自指 (self-reference, where the expression points back to itself).

noun
(linguistics) other-referencereference to someone or something other than the speaker or addressee

Examples

  • ,“”他指。
    Zài zhè ge jù zi zhōng, "tā" biǎo shì de shì tā zhī.
    In this sentence, "he" indicates other-reference.
  • 他指。
    tā zhī Shì zhǐ xiàng jù zi zhōng qí tā duì xiàng de zhǐ dài fāng shì.
    Other-reference is a way of pointing to other objects in a sentence.
  • 他指。
    Yǔ yán xué zhōng de tā zhī hé zì zhǐ shì liǎng zhǒng bù tóng de zhǐ dài lèi xíng.
    In linguistics, other-reference and self-reference are two different types of reference.

Origin

Compound word
构词法gòucífǎ
偏正piānzhèngModifier + head

The first part narrows down the second: it says what kind of thing the head is.

他tāother
指zhǐreference

他 (other) specifies the kind of 指 (reference), pointing to someone else.

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
亻Written in full as人rénman
Sound part声符shēngfú
也
也yě他tā
The sound has drifted apartThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

他 combines 亻 (a person) with 也, which was chosen for its sound.

Open 他 →

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
扌Written in full as手shǒu
Sound part声符shēngfú
旨
旨zhǐ指zhǐ
Same sound today

The left part 扌 is the hand form 手. The right part 旨 gives the sound.

Open 指 →

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