总而言之 (zǒng ér yán zhī) — in short; in a word; in brief

Definition

A four-character written summary phrase meaning 'in short / to sum up.' It is more formal and emphatic than the shorter conjunction 总之.

phrase
in shortin a wordin brief

Examples

  • 总而言之
    zǒng ér yán zhī, Zhè cì lǚ xíng fēi cháng chéng gōng.
    In short, this trip was very successful.
  • 总而言之
    zǒng ér yán zhī, Wǒ men bù néng hū shì zhè ge wèn tí.
    In a word, we cannot ignore this problem.
  • 总而言之
    zǒng ér yán zhī, Tā de jiàn yì zhí dé rèn zhēn kǎo lǜ.
    In brief, his suggestion deserves serious consideration.

Origin

Characters in this word

Most characters — around four in five — are built this way: one part hints at the meaning, the other at the pronunciation.

This origin belongs to the traditional form 總; 总 is its simplified writing.

Meaning part形符xíngfú
rope
Sound part声符shēngfú
cōngzǒng
Close in sound todayThe sound part was a clue two thousand years ago — it often still helps, but not always.

The traditional form 總 has 糸, a rope, and 悤 as a sound part; the rope part is for binding together. This account is for 總, not for 总.

Open 总 →

A drawing of the thing itself, worn down over three thousand years into a few strokes.

The shape of 而 is a picture of a beard.

Open 而 →

An abstract idea shown by a mark or a diagram rather than by a picture of an object.

The early form of 言 shows an opening and a mark indicating a location; the location is not described as the source of speech.

Open 言 →

Two or more meaningful parts placed together so that their meanings combine into a new one.

The shape pairs 止, a foot, with 一, a beginning place, and means to go.

Open 之 →

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