邻近 is an attributive adjective meaning 'nearby, adjacent'. Unlike 附近 (which can also be a noun meaning 'surrounding area'), 邻近 is typically used before a noun to specify spatial closeness, e.g., 邻近城市 ('neighboring city'). It can also function as a noun referring to 'the vicinity' in certain fixed expressions, but its primary role is as a modifier. Be careful not to use it as a predicate — use 靠近 or 附近 instead for that.