PrepositionsHSK 5
Expressing "including" with 在内
Use 包括...在内, or simply the object followed by 在内, to mean 'including...' or '... included'. The phrase can be placed at the start or end of the sentence, usually separated by a comma.
Structure
(包括) + Obj. + 在内 ，⋯⋯
⋯⋯ ，(包括) + Obj. + 在内
Examples
- 包括他的母语在内，他会说四种语言。Bāo kuò tā de mǔ yǔ zài nèi, tā huì shuō sì zhǒng yǔ yán.Including his native language, he can speak 4 languages.
- 水电费在内，我每个月的房租三千五。Shuǐ diàn fèi zài nèi, wǒ měi gè yuè de fáng zū sān qiān wǔ.My monthly rent is 3500, including water and electricity.
- 这个团队包括我在内，一共八个人。Zhè ge tuán duì bāo kuò wǒ zài nèi, yí gòng bā gè rén.This team, including me, has eight people altogether.
- 这件事，大家都是有责任的，包括政府在内。Zhè jiàn shì, dà jiā dōu shì yǒu zé rèn de, bāo kuò zhèng fǔ zài nèi.Everyone has responsibility in this matter, including the government.
- 这些费用不包括在内。Zhè xiē fèi yòng bù bāo kuò zài nèi.These fees are not included.